It is pretty easy drawing contours of a torso, but what about muscles under skin, where to place what shape of muscle?

Torso is the centre part of many animal bodies, human included. In a human torso we can talk about two major masses; rib cage and pelvis; there is spine to connect them, plus abdomen.
So this week we are going to study torso anatomy; the importance of understanding anatomy is about being able to apply this knowledge of skeleton into your drawings where to bend the torso from; muscle knowledge will help you -as the name implies itself, to draw muscles; on body where to shade, where to light; giving effect of a fit or fat body etc. Otherwise you’re always going to need a reference photo or person. I call this knowledge a relief. After this tutorial next week when we jump into drawing torso figures and apply those information from today into our further drawings, you will see better what it is for.
It is a really big and hard topic to be honest; you are going to need practice it over and over again. But practice makes it easier I can say, and the satisfaction is big. You are going to love it -I hope 😀
So let’s get started!

Here is the sketch I prepared for today, let’s examine them one by one with parts’ names, they are going to be useful.
P.S.: The names you should better remember are colored and italic.

We are starting with skeleton with a simple technical sketching as you see above.
There is a spine, from front view we percept it straight, when the figure rotates we start seeing its curvy form. That spine connects skull, rib cage and pelvis. In the drawing you can see views from back, front, 2/3 side and some other angles of sides.
As we know skull supports the face structure and protects brain, rib cage does protecting for lungs and heart.
And about pelvis I can say that it’s form reminds me of  a butterfly, then it is easier to draw it for me.

There is sternum-chestbone in the middle of rib cage. Ribs, 10 of them goes up backwards toward the spine on the back, check the arrow above to see; plus the angle I drew on the right-up side of the drawing.
Ribs, the one on the top –like a necklace– and four more after the ‘necklace’; and the forth one divides into six sections. It looks quite chaotic and I almost hear you saying “Do I have to memorize the exact numbers of ribs and all?“. I think you should get the point of its shape and of course how any they are; because they can be important while drawing someone supper skinny for example, where we can actually count bones, you will know how many bones there are and they go from chest line to back with an angle.
On the back side there are 2 ribs left which don’t meet the front side.

When we look at it from front scapula -a triangle form- is partly covered by ribs; on the back we can see it clearly. It moves as we move our arms up and down.

Collarbone, scapula and upper arm bone (humerus) meet at a point. I think this is also important and helpful.

We can talk about major muscle groups which are pectoral, abdominal, lateral and epaxial muscles.

Below chest, there are abdominal muscles –abs-, three of them at a side, in total six on both sides and one big below them in the shape of ‘V’.
Serratus muscles on the sides over rib cage, four of them from front to the back on the sides, and oblique muscles joins them in a shape of interlock, like a zip.

While drawing a figure from 2/3 side or let’s say with an angle, you can draw pectorals overlapping, but while drawing from front you are going to see they are not connected; there is that part between them called ‘sternum‘ or breastbone.

Before next week’s topic, I suggest you to draw skeleton and muscles of torso, I will mention their names -so better try to learn the nmes as well, then sketch them all from your memory; this is the best way to see whether you learnt it or there are missing parts in your knowledge.

Hope it was helpful. Until next week, so long!